The aim of this research was to establish and describe the most important phonemic patterns of Lithuanian verb morphemes.The investigation was based on a corpus of 30,000 verb types (verbs and their forms).All words in the Recovery - Sports Medicine corpus were stressed and phonetically transcribed.A computer program was developed to extract statistics out of this corpus.
The results indicate that monosyllabic morphemes dominate in Lithuanian.They comprise 97%, 99%, 98%, and 97% of all verb roots, prefixes, derivational suffixes, and endings respectively.Inflectional suffixes and the reflexive affix are exclusively monosyllabic.Pronominal inflection endings are either disyllabic (97%) or trisyllabic.
There is a high variety of vowelconsonant patterns among verbs: the verb root is represented by 91 patterns, prefixes by 8 patterns, derivational suffixes by 18 patterns, inflectional suffixes by 7 patterns, inflectional endings by 9 patterns, endings of pronominal participles by 7 patterns, and the reflexive affix by 3 different patterns.The consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) pattern appeared to be the most frequent among verb roots (45%), the CV pattern was the most frequent among prefixes (59%), the VC pattern was the most frequent among derivational suffixes (46%), and V pattern was the most frequent among inflectional endings of Lithuanian verbs (76%).In many cases, the root of a verb contains both initial and final consonants (82%).Because of this and because of the tendency to avoid hiatus in Lithuanian, the root can be adjoined by vowel-final prefixes and vowel-initial suffixes or inflectional endings.
This appears to be the case, as prefixes are mostly open (80%), and both derivational suffixes (90%) and all inflectional endings begin with vowels.Inflectional suffixes do not follow this regularity.Only one-third of them start with a vowel.The hypothesis that the phonemic structure of a verb root might determine oil / serum the corresponding patterns of its adjoining affixes seems to be supported by this investigation.